Method of preventing the formation of crystals and the deposition of incrustations on metal surfaces



Jam 19 K L. BLASS METHODOF PREVENTING THE DEPOSITION OF INCRUSTATIONS ON E H T D w C m R MU m v m T E F 5 0 2 N l O H 7 A 2 m o m F u J d e l 1 F Fig.4. A

Patented Jan. 4, 1927.

PATENT Fries.

. UNITED STATES LlJDWIG- BLASS, OF, SAAZ, CZECHOSLOV'AKIA.

METHOD OF PREVENTING THE FORMATION OF CRYSTALS AND THE DEPOSITION OI! INCR'USTATIONS ON METAL SURFACES.

Application filed June 27, 1925, Serial No.

Annmber of methods are known for preventing deposits on metal surfaces, more particularly the formation of adhering boiler scale, a weak electric current being passed through the metal body. However these r methods are not reliable in their effect, and

have often been unsatisfactory.

It has been found that the purpose aimed at can be effectively attained if the body which is to be protected is brought at the same time into a magnetic field, or, should the body in question be magnetizable, a magnetic flux is passed through this body, in which case it is an advantage to vary the direction, continuity and intensity of the magnetic field. This alternating magnetic fluid interrupts the-formation and accumulation of the forming crystals, so that they can only be precipitated in the form of a fine, loose powder. The formation of adhering boiler scale can also be prevented inthis way, the precipitating salts falling down in the form of a soft pulp or sludge, which can easily be removed through the openings in the contamer.

The effect of the magnetic field can be increased by combining it with an additional magnetic field, which is formed by electric currents, which are passed. through the body 30 itself.

The magnetiefield can be produced for instance by placing electro-magnets at one or more points of the body in question, which is made of magnetizable material, the

#5 exciting currents of these magnets being varied in the manner indicated with respect to their direction, continuity and intensity. The magnetization may be effected in any other way, for example by placing the whole 0 body within the range of one or more so;

lenoids.

.When treating bodies which are not made of magnetizable material, the devices generating the magnetic field must be constructed 5 and arranged in such a way that the bodies 1 which are to be protected lie within the magnetic field generated by these devices.

The accompanying drawings illustrate several modes of carrying out the invention. 0 Figure 1 shows in longitudinal sectional elevation and end elevation one convenient form of electro-magnet in accordance with the invention.

Figure 2 shows a more or less diagram matic side elevation and end elevation of a -ient portion thereof as the magnetic lines 40,108, and in Czechoslovakia July 3, 192

boiler fitted with devices in accordance with the invention.

form of electro-magnetwhich may be employed in accordance with the invention and which consists of an iron core ahaving a flanged' or extended piece at by means of which it may be secured to the wall a of the boiler or the like to be protected, the winding for the electro-magnet being shown at b'and'being adapted to have a constant or variable magnetizing current passed therethrough.

In some cases it may be desirable to provide upon one boiler or the like a plurality of electro-magnets of the form shown in Figure 1, such an arrangement being shown, for example, in Figure 2 where the boiler is provided with six electro-ma-gnets e to c".

Figure 3 illustrates diagrammatically one of the usual type of tubular boilers with in clined tubes in which recesses are provided in the boiler setting h in front of and behind the down tubes 7, such recesses being adapted to take the winding 9 which surrounds the down tube or tubes which in such case act as the core of an electro-maguet.

It will, of course, be clear that the windings might "be placed round the upper drum of the boiler or round any other convenof force in any case will penetrate all the iron or steel parts of the boiler and thus prevent the formation of boiler scale.

Figure 4 illustrates another constructional form in which the coil 70 lies in a watertight casing Z arranged within the boiler and surrounding the flue, the cables m andz m for leading the current to the coil being passed through suitably insulated openings n and n in the boiler shell or in the steam dome as shown.

The advantage of the arrangement shown in Figure 4 lies in thefact that the magnetic lines of force impinge directly upon the surface to be protected from the deposit 10:! of crystals without having first to penetrate through the walls of the boiler.

In any modification of the invention the effect obtained can be considerably increased by the provision in addition to the action of.

jecting the said metal surfaces to the action of a magnetic field.

2. A. method of preventing the formation of crystals and the deposition of incrnsta-- tions on metal surfaces, consisting in subjecting the said metal surfaces to the action of a varying magnetic field.

3. A method-of preventing, the formation of crystals and the deposition of incrustations on metal surfaces, consisting in submiaeeo jecting the said metal surfaces to the action.

of an intermittent magnetic field. v 4. A. method of preventin the formation of crystals and 'the. deposition of incrustations on metal surfaces,f'consisting in sub-' jecting the said metal surfaces to the action of a' magnetic field with the simultaneous use of a weak electric current.

. 80 5. Amethod of preventing the formation of crystals and-the deposition of incrusta.-

tions on metal surfaces, consisting in subjecting the said metal surfaces to the actionof a magnetic field with the simultaneous use of a weak varying electric current.

6. A method of preventin' the formation of crystals and thedeposition of incrusta tions on metal surfaces, consisting in subjecting the said metal surfaces to the action of a magnetic field with the simultaneous" use of a w'eakintermittent electric current. In test1mony whereoflafiix my signature.

LUDWIG BLASS. 

